Originally NGNs were all about cost reduction, and indeed several of the biggest business cases in Europe have been based on this concept but, to many, NGNs are now more about the creation of new services and hence new revenue generation. This does not mean that the need for cost reduction has gone away, cost reduction is still an essential part of the NGN concept - but it is new revenue growth that seems to have become the primary driver, at least in principle. This report takes a look at the key drivers for NGNs and how some of the leading operators have approached and are progressing in their NGN plans to date.