China is currently embarked on a major programme of expansion of the national higher education structure. The MOE (MOE) has established a team to upgrade the country’s universities over the next fifty years. A crucial part of this development is to create two “super” universities centred around the Beijing and Qinghua campuses. During Premier Jiang Zemin’s visit to the UK in 1999, China’s education minister Chen Zhili attended a series of seminars on how to train minds and not memories.