The Wind Power Report Ed 3 2006
Published By: ABS Energy Research
July 2006
R374-166
Online Download $1,577.00
Hard Copy Mail Delivery $1,727.00 (Subject to Shipping Charges)
Global Site License $4,731.00
Hard Copy + PDF $1,817.00 (Subject to Shipping Charges)
Description
- ABS believes that this is the most important Wind Report that we have yet produced
- The global installed capacity of wind turbines reached 59 GW by the end of 2005
- It is forecast that installed capacity of wind power will reach 136 GW by 2010
- 55% (75 GW) of which will be installed in Europe, 23% (31 GW) in North America and 22% (30 GW) in the rest of the world
- The last year has seen marked changes in the national rankings in terms of wind power, both among the market leaders and among the up and coming countries.
- Sudden activity has pushed some markets forward, others have slowed down as their wind market matures
- The other feature of development has been the widening of the market to new countries, with many taking their first steps into the market
- The five big markets remain the leaders, Germany, Spain, the USA, India and Denmark, with India overtaking Denmark
- Significant industry issues are emerging as operational data becomes available from the major wind power operators such as E.ON Netz, Eltra and ESB
- In 2003 the Irish government declared a moratorium on further wind power development. This opens many questions about the assumptions and claims made for wind power
Key Finndings
- The wind power industry is reaching a highly controversial phase in its development as solid operational data becomes available about its performance, limitations and effects on the grid
- The ABS report concludes that governments, developers and operators should seriously consider their options regarding wind power
- Wind power reports have now been published by energy agencies and the network operators in USA, Germany, Spain, Denmark and Ireland, delineating critical problems. Deutsche Energie-Agentur (dena) has published acomprehensive report on German wind power on behalf of the Federal Government, together with the utility and wind and industries
- The dena report assessed the capacity credit of wind power in Germany in 2003 as 890-1,230 MW, i.e. 6% of installed wind capacity of 14,603 MW, rising to 1,820-2,300 MW for 36,000 MW installed in 2015, with a reserve capacity requirement of 7,000 MW
- The claimed savings in GHG emissions has been questioned
- Denmark exported over 80% of wind generated electricity to Norway in 2004, which has 98.5% carbon-free hydro generation, because wind delivered a surplus of 84%, according to the CEO of Eltra, almost nullifying any emissions savings
- Wind’s intermittency places a large strain on system balance
- A new understanding is emerging about the relative efficiencies and emissions of base load operation of fossil fuel plant versus plant used in back up of a variable source
- Wind power has been promoted for politico/environmental reasons and wind developers have benefited from substantial subsidies, leading to exaggerated claims. A reality check is needed.
Reasons to buy
- With the first real evidence of performance from some of the most authoritative sources in the power industry, the claims for wind power are being called into question
- Anyone involved in this industry should have this information and be aware of these results
- Be wary when the wind industry describes a criticism of wind power as a “myth”
- Industry figures like the CEOs of E.ON Netz and Eltra do not deal in myths and solutions, they have real experience and more data than anyone else. They record what has actually happened.
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Table of Contents
- I. Executive Summary
- Wind power development
- Industry issues
- Capacity factors
- Intermittency or variability of wind
- Mis-match of supply and demand
- Inadequacy of weather forecasting
- The difficulty of balancing the grid because of the variability of wind
- Demands on the grid
- Credit capacity
- Wind a part of a portfolio of generating sources
- Size of wind carpets
- Doubts about the true contribution of wind power to emissions reduction
- II. The development of wind energy and the market in 2006
- The global market in 2005
- The leading wind power countries in 2006
- Europe
- North America
- Latin America
- Asia
- Pacific
- Africa and Middle East
- III. The future market for wind power
- IV. An assessment of factors affecting wind power
- Topics of contention and their terminology
- Base load
- Intermittency
- Capacity factor
- Capacity credit
- Spinning reserve
- The operational experiences of wind power
- E.ON Netz Wind Report, 2004
- E.ON Netz Wind Report, 2005
- Western Denmark 2005
- USA experience
- Spain
- Wind a part of a portfolio
- Reduction in carbon emissions
- Contribution and target of renewables in reducing carbon emissions
- UCTE position paper on wind power
- Main characteristics of wind power
- Availability of supply
- V. National policies
- Europe - the EU Renewable Energy Directive
- EU Environmental Directives
- Security of supply
- VI. Policy landscape for renewable energy
- Policy targets for renewable energy
- Support systems in the EU
- Feed-in tariffs
- Green certificates
- Pure tendering
- Tax incentives
- Mixed systems
- VII. National wind power markets and support plans Denmark
- Market size and forecast
- Future targets in Denmark
- Wind power ownership
- The energy policy role of power companies
- Power companies' ownership of wind power
- Pricing for wind power
- Special rules for private (individual or co-operative) owners
- Grid connection, grid reinforcement
- Wind resources
- Wind generation structure
- Offshore wind power
- Wind turbine size
- R&D technology development
- The role of Risoe National Laboratory and others
- The role of power companies in R&D
- New concepts
- Offshore projects
- Government support
- Funding Levels
- Ministry of Environment and Energy’s Energy Research Programme (EFP).
- Ministry of Environment and Energy’s Programme for Development, Demonstration
- and Information on Renewable Energy (UVE)
- Priorities
- Legislation
- Windmill Law
- Energy 21
- Danish Energy Agency
- Electricity Reform
- Export Assistance
- Renewable Energy Island
- Promotion of Local Initiatives
- Danish manufacturing base
- Turbine and component suppliers
- The Danish Wind Industry Association list four “Core” members.
- Germany
- Market size and forecast
- Market share Germany
- Repowering trend
- Offshore potential
- Wind turbine size
- Government support and R&D
- Stromeinspeisungsgesetz - Electricity Feed Law (EFL)
- Renewable Energy Sources Act (Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz / EEG)
- Renewable Energy Law
- Investment Assistance
- Planning Privileges
- 250 Megawatt Programme
- REISI - A new and further-reaching Information System based on ISEE and WISY
- Technology Area Wind Energy
- Product Information
- Development of wind energy use in Germany
- Operational results
- External Conditions of Operation
- Download of measured data
- El Dorado
- Regional incentives
- Research and Development (R&D)
- Manufacturing Base
- Spain
- Annual investment in wind power
- Manufacturing industry
- Wind developers
- Wind turbine size
- Future targets
- R&D Technology development
- Government support
- Guaranteed market price
- Fixed Tariff Option
- Market Option
- United Kingdom
- Wind resources
- Market size
- Future development
- Future targets
- Development programmes
- Offshore wind power
- R1
- R2
- Government support
- Manufacturing Base
- United States
- The start of wind power
- Market size and forecast
- Suppliers
- Outlook
- Future targets
- Low speed wind technology
- Cost of wind energy generation
- Technology development in the USA
- 1. Making longer, stronger blades
- 2. Designing taller towers
- 3. Building multi-megawatt turbines
- Understanding turbulent wind patterns
- Research and Development
- Offshore wind development
- Government support
- Investment Tax Credits
- Production Tax Credits
- Property Tax Reductions
- Accelerated Depreciation
- Direct Production Incentives
- Direct Investment Incentives (Grants)
- Government Subsidised Loans
- "Standard Offer Contracts" for Small and Distributed Projects
- Net Metering or Net Billing
- Site Prospecting, Review and Permitting
- Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)
- Auctioned Contracts
- Green Marketing/Pricing
- State Mandates
- Research and Development
- Manufacturing Base
- Major Manufacturers
- Small wind turbine manufacturers
- UWIG Members 2006
- India
- Market size and forecast
- Future targets
- Cost
- R&D Technology development
- The Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET)
- Government support
- MNES - Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources
- IREDA - Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd
- Financial incentives have also been provided for investors
- State incentives
- Manufacturing Base
- Wind Energy Producers Association (WINPRO)
- Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association (IWTMA)
- Turbine and Component Suppliers
- China
- Installed wind capacity
- Market size and forecast
- Wind development support
- Wind Power Concessions
- Renewable energy law & regulations for renewable energy power
- Future targets
- Offshore wind power
- Wind turbine size
- Costs
- Local manufacturing capability
- Past constraints on development of wind power in China
- High costs.
- Limited wind resource assessment data
- Difficulty in securing project approval and negotiating power purchase agreements
- Failure to account for the full environmental benefits of wind power
- Subsidised financing for imported wind turbines
- Government support
- “Ride the Wind” (Chengfeng) programme
- Wind concessions
- National Debt Programme
- 863 Wind Programme
- Foreign assistance
- Foreign participation
- Manufacturing Base
- Medium and large wind turbines
- Micro and small wind turbines
- Italy
- Renewable energy policy
- Government policy
- Strategy
- Italian manufacturers
- Netherlands
- Government policies, financial incentives and market stimulation
- Manufacturers
- Austria
- National renewable energy targets
- Current situation
- Argentina
- Canada
- R&D
- Government production incentive
- Wind Power Production Incentive (WPPI)
- Programme operation
- Terms of the incentive
- Amount of financial incentive for the ten-year period by commissioning date
- Future target
- France
- Greece
- Future target
- Ireland
- Variability
- Japan
- Environmental and renewables policy
- Future target for wind power
- Government programmes
- R&D
- Sweden
- Portugal
- Government support
- Renewables target
- Australia
- Government renewables policy and support
- State initiatives
- Manufacturing base
- Corporate initiatives
- VIII. Wind farm developers and owners
- IX. Advantages and disadvantages of wind energy compared with other forms of energy
- X. Manufacturing base
- The top ten wind turbine companies
- Vestas
- GE Wind
- Gamesa
- Enercon
- Siemens
- Suzlon
- REPower
- Mitsubishi
- Nordex
- XI. Offshore wind power - The New Frontier
- Operating offshore wind farms
- The benefits
- The challenges, offshore: costs
- Projects in the pipeline
- Forecasting a New Technology - Experience Curves and Progress Ratios (PR)
- XII. Development of wind turbine size and capacity factor
- Capacity Factors
- Directory of Manufacturers
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