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Public Safety Communications Standards and Cognitive Radio - Assessment of Technologies and Markets for First Responders Radio

Product Type: Market Research Report
Published by: Practel, Inc.
Published: June 2008
Product Code: R606-73
Description
This report addresses issues that are important to homeland security. It provides marketing and technology analysis of standard public safety radio (P25 and TETRA), a necessary component of the security infrastructure. The report researches a phased radio development, and shows the specifics of each phase.

Lack of interoperability between two-way radios and other wireless devices because of incompatibility and limited public spectrum continues to plague public safety teams. To ensure communications, many law enforcement and even some military personnel carry two or more wireless devices, including cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), two-way radios and pagers. Ideally, first responders would carry a multipurpose radio able to work with any reasonable wireless communications protocol. Even a better choice is an intelligent device that would determine itself the most reliable communications channel and take advantage of it, a concept called "cognitive radio". To date, however, radio interoperability solutions have limited frequency range and capabilities and are expensive ($1,500 and above). Federal, State, and local authorities are pursuing short-term interoperability enablers, such as crossband repeaters and voice over Internet protocol, but no single communications mode or protocol furnishes a permanent solution.

That is why cognitive radio, with abilities of sensing the spectrum and self-selection of optimal for each particular situation transmitting frequencies, selection of transmitting power and even signal type is “an ultimate” device for achieving interoperability in first responders communications systems. The report addresses cognitive radio technology specifics and applications, including also marketing estimates.

P25 and TETRA are two primary standards for public safety communications systems. They were developed for specific applications for the U.S. and European safety agencies, respectively. The report analyzes the process of phased radio technology development, concentrating on comparison TETRA and P25 features. It is also addressing phase III of these standards evolving, so called project MESA, which suppose to bring two standards together and is in the development by major U.S. and Europe standard organizations.

It is still premature to judge project MESA methods of achieving interoperability in public safety communications. At the same time, it is obvious that cognitive radio can satisfy requirements even the most demanding users, seamlessly connecting various technologies and spectrums. Though it does not mean that cognitive radio can give us all desirable features tomorrow, it is still envisioned as a powerful tool in achieving first responders’ interoperability. The report analyzes the current status of cognitive radio readiness and shows that this radio market will evolve in the 2010-2011 time frame. Though the technological abilities of cognitive radio seem unlimited, the cost and regulations are still the major roadblocks; and it may take a significant time to unify users’ desires with a reality of life.

Research Methodology

Considerable research was done using the Internet. Information from various Web sites was studied and analyzed; evaluation of publicly available marketing and technical publications was conducted. Telephone conversations and interviews were held with industry analysts, technical experts and executives. In addition to these interviews and primary research, secondary sources were used to develop a more complete mosaic of the market landscape, including industry and trade publications, conferences and seminars.

The overriding objective throughout the work has been to provide valid and relevant information. This has led to a continual review and update of the information content.
Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction

1.1 General

1.2 Public Safety Systems

1.3 Standards

1.3.1 TETRA

1.3.2 Project 25

1.4 Initial Actions

1.4.1 Road to Interoperability

1.4.2 Technology

1.5 Cognitive Radio

1.6 Scope and Goals

1.7 Research Methodology

1.8 Target Audience

2.0 Technology: New Roads for Public Safety Communications

2.1 Requirements to Public Safety Radio

2.2 Standardization Process and Technologies

2.2.1 General

2.2.2 Beginning

2.3 TETRA: Scope-Release I

2.3.1 General

2.3.2 Bands

2.3.3 TETRA and GSM

2.3.4 Main Features

2.3.4.1 General

2.3.4.2 Technical

2.3.4.3 Services

2.3.5 Benefits

2.3.6 Networking

2.3.7 Details

2.3.7.1 General

2.3.7.2 Interfaces

2.3.7.3 Infrastructure

2.3.7.4 Spectrum Allocation

2.3.7.5 Mobiles

2.3.8 Security

2.3.9 Summary

2.3.10 TETRA Release II

2.3.10.1 Need

2.3.10.2 Rational

2.3.10.3 Applications

2.3.11 Trunked Mode Operation (TMO) Range Extension

2.3.12 Adaptive Multiple Rate (AMR) Voice Codec

2.3.13 Mixed Excitation Liner Predictive, enhanced (MELPe) Voice Codec

2.3.14 New Data Services

2.3.14.1 TAPS

2.3.14.2 TEDS

2.3.15 Status on TETRA Release II

2.3.16 Standardization Continues

2.3.17 Market Analysis

2.3.17.1 General

2.3.17.2 Examples

2.3.17.3 Geography

2.3.17.4 Market Drivers-Industries-Applications

2.3.17.5 Market Forecast

2.3.17.5.1 Model Assumptions

2.3.17.5.2 Market Estimate

2.3.18 Vendors

Aerial facilities Limited (AFL)-Axell

Artevea

Celex

ClearTone

DAMM Cellular

EADS

Frequentis

M/ACom

Motorola

Niros

Pegasus Network

Rohde-Schwarz

Rohill

Teltronic

Sepura

Selex

Team Simoco

Thales

2.3.19 Benefits: Summary

2.4 General: P25 Standardization Process

2.4.1 Project 25/TIA 102: Scope

2.4.1.1 Efforts

2.4.1.2 Phased Approach

2.4.1.2.1 Phases

2.4.1.2.2 Phase I

2.4.1.2.3 Phase II

2.4.1.2.4 Phase III

2.4.2 Current P25 Development-Phase I

2.4.2.1 General Mission and Objectives

2.4.2.2 Compliance

2.4.2.3 Benefits and Issues

2.4.2.4 Technical Highlights

2.4.2.5 Common Air Interface

2.4.2.6 Fixed Station Interface

2.4.2.7 Console Sub-system Interface

2.4.2.8 RF Sub-system

2.4.2.9 Inter-system Interface (ISSI)

2.4.2.10 Telephone Interconnect Interface

2.4.2.11 Network Management Interface

2.4.2.12 Host and Network Data Interfaces

2.4.2.13 Summary: Interfaces

2.4.3 Security

2.4.4 Coding

2.4.5 Frequency Bands

2.4.6 P25 Voice Messaging

2.4.7 System

2.4.8 Spectrum: Problems

2.4.8.1 700 MHz Band

2.4.9 Major Improvements

2.4.10 Services

2.4.11 Network Scenario

2.4.12 Transition

2.4.13 Phase II

2.4.13.1 Track

2.4.13.2 Scope

2.4.13.3 Time

2.4.14 Motorola and “Harmonized” Solutions

2.4.15 Market Analysis

2.4.15.1 General

2.4.15.2 Geography

2.4.15.3 Market Drivers

2.4.15.4 Market Forecast

2.4.15.4.1 Developments

2.4.15.4.2 Model Assumptions

2.4.15.5 Addressable Market Estimate

2.4.16 Vendors

Catalyst

Daniels

Datron

Digital Voice System

EDAS Secure Networks

EF Johnson

Etherstack

ICOM America

Kenwood

M/A-Com (TycoElectronic)

Midland

Motorola

Nexus Wireless

Relm

Raytheon JPS

Thales

Tait Electronics

Technisonic

Westel

Wireless Pacific

3.0 Phase III-Project MESA

3.1 General

3.2 Organization

3.3 Background

3.4 Project MESA Formulators

3.5 Networking

3.6 MESA Statement of Requirements (SoR)

3.6.1 General

3.6.2 Vision: Ad-hoc and Cell

3.6.2.1 Features

3.6.2.2 Technological Needs

3.6.2.3 General Technology-Requirements

3.6.2.4 Specific and Functional Requirements

3.7 Goals

3.8 Applications

3.9 Crossroads

3.9.1 Vendors Position

3.10 Technology Details: System of Systems

3.10.1 Framework description

3.11 Architecture

3.12 Security

3.13 Projects P25/TETRA and MESA

4.0 Roadblocks

4.1 Funding

4.2 Spectrum Congestion

4.3 Control

5.0 P25 and TETRA

5.1 Details

6.0 Cognitive Radio and Interoperability

6.1 General

6.2 FCC Position

6.3 Helping First Responders

6.3.1 Abilities

6.4 Standardization

6.5 Terminology

6.6 Structure

6.7 SDR Improvements

6.8 Spectrum: Regulations

6.9 Cognitive Radio Features

6.9.1 Reconfigurability

6.10 Development

6.11 Functions

6.12 CR Applications

6.13 Cognitive Radio Advantages and Limitations

6.14 Role in PSC Interoperability

6.15 Market and Players

Adapt4

BitWave Semiconductor

Harris

Shared Spectrum

Spectrum Signal Processing

Thales

Terocelo

7.0 CR and Spectrum Utilization

8.0 Conclusions

Glossary

References

List of Figures

Figure 1: TETRA Networks

Figure 2: TETRA Release I Features

Figure 3: TETRA Interworking Example

Figure 4: Network Scenarios

Figure 5: TETRA Release I Interfaces

Figure 6: TETRA: Spectrum Allocation

Figure 7: TETRA II Developments

Figure 8: Directions

Figure 9: TAPS

Figure 10: TEDS Channel Characteristics

Figure 11: Illustration of TETRA Market Geography (2006-2007)

Figure 12: TETRA Segmentation by Industries (2007)

Figure 13: Public Safety Radio Addressable Market ($B)

Figure 14: TETRA Addressable Market ($B)

Figure 15: TETRA Portable Radio (Handsets): Market Estimate ($B)

Figure 16: APCO Project 25 Interface Committee P25

Figure 17: Generic-P25 System Structure

Figure 18: ISSI-P25 System-to-System

Figure 19: ISSI-Roaming

Figure 20: P25 Radio System Model Illustration

Figure 21: 700 MHz Revised Frequency Plan

Figure 22: Revised Spectrum (Upper 700 MHz sub-band)

Figure 23: FCC 700 MHz Auction

Figure 24: P25 Network Architecture

Figure 25: P25 Equipment Addressable Market (U.S. and Canada, $M)

Figure 26: Addressable Market: P25 Handsets U.S. and Canada ($B)

Figure 27: P25 Radio Major Applications (2007)

Figure 28: Partners

Figure 29: MESA Networking

Figure 30: Evolution-Project MESA

Figure 31: PSR Evolution

Figure 32: APCO Phased Approach

Figure 33: IEEE Activity

Figure 34: a) Simplified CR Block-Diagram; b) Front-End

Figure 35: TV Band “White Space”

Figure 36: CR Logical Connections

Figure 37: CR Addressable Market ($M)

List of Tables

Table 1: TETRA Established

Table 2: TETRA Release I-Major Characteristics

Table 3: TETRA Improvements

Table 4: Applications (Release II)

Table 5: Evolution of TETRA Services

Table 6: Comparison: P25 and TETRA Markets

Table 7: TETRA Features

Table 8: P25 Advantages and Issues

Table 9: PSR Bands

Table 10: P25-based Services

Table 11: MESA Network Levels

Table 12: Conventional Radio, SDR and CR Comparison

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